Quality of Canada Western Amber Durum wheat exports in the 2023-2024 crop year

The Canadian Grain Commission monitors the quality of wheat export cargoes to ensure that they meet customer expectations. Cargo monitoring gives us an indication of how effective our quality assurance system and grade standards are in ensuring consistent quality from year to year for each class and grade of wheat that is shipped. We also use cargo monitoring to determine how well our Harvest Sample Program analyses predicts the quality of subsequent cargo shipments.

Quarterly reports

Aggregate samples of wheat export shipments are prepared each quarter from loading samples, based on class, grade and shipment direction, and are analyzed according to our standard procedures and methods. Our quarterly reports present the average quality of export cargoes of Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD) wheat from the 2023-24 crop year, which began on August 1, 2023, and ended on July 31, 2024.

2023-2024 Quarterly Cargo Summary

Quarter 1, 2, 3 and 4 export cargo aggregate samples of CWAD wheat had high values for test weight, hard vitreous kernel (HVK) content, protein content, and superior Falling Number values for all grades analyzed. Wheat had medium to medium large kernel size based on weight per 1000 kernels. All grades analyzed showed good milling performance and produced high yields of semolina with large granulation, low ash content, and minimal speck count numbers. CWAD aggregate samples had strong but balanced gluten properties as measured by gluten index and Alveogram parameters. Pasta had bright yellow color, firm texture and superior cooking quality for all grades.

Quarter 4: May 1, 2024 to July 31, 2024

No. 1 and No. 2 CWAD cargo aggregates were made from loading samples of export shipments in the months of May, June, and July of 2024. No. 3 CWAD cargo aggregates were made from loading samples of export shipments from February to July of 2024.

Alternate format
No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 CWAD, fourth quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year (PDF, 456 KB)

Wheat, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), fourth quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Wheat
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Test weight, kg/hL	82.2	81.3	81.6
Weight per 1000 kernels, g	37.0	39.2	38.0
Vitreous kernels, %	85	86	87
Protein content, %	14.4	14.6	14.4
Ash content, %	1.52	1.53	1.50
Falling Number, seconds	446	367	450

Milling - Allis-Chalmers mill
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Total milling yield, %	72.7	72.7	72.2
Semolina yield, %	64.8	64.9	64.3

Semolina^{Footnote 2}
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Protein content, %	13.8	13.9	13.8
Protein loss, %	0.6	0.7	0.6
Wet gluten content, %	32.7	32.6	32.4
Gluten index, %	84	86	84
Ash content, %	0.75	0.77	0.74
Yellow pigment content, ppm	10.0	10.1	10.1
Yellowness, b*	32.0	31.8	31.3

Granulation
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
> 425 μm, %	9.2	8.6	8.8
> 250 μm, %	57.0	58.4	57.7
> 180 μm, %	20.0	19.7	19.6
> 150 μm, %	5.9	5.6	5.8
< 150 μm, %	8.0	7.7	8.1

Semolina speck count per 50 cm²
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Total specks	9	14	14
Dark specks	1	2	2
Large specks (≥ 0.06 mm²)	4	8	7

Alveogram^{Footnote 3}
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
P (maximum over pressure), mm H₂O	91	93	87
L (length), mm	94	91	98
P/L	0.97	1.02	0.89
W (deformation energy), 10^-4 joules	250	254	244
le (elasticity Index), %	49.5	49.3	48.5

Spaghetti colour dried at 85°C
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Brightness, L*	69.6	69.1	69.2
Redness, a*	8.6	9.0	8.8
Yellowness, b*	62.7	62.6	62.4

Spaghetti texture dried at 85°C
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Peak cutting force, g	660	658	638
Dry strand diameter, mm	1.71	1.71	1.71
Cooked strand diameter, mm	2.48	2.49	2.48

Quarter 3: February 1, 2024 to April 30, 2024

Third quarter cargo aggregates were made from loading samples of export shipments in the months of February, March, April of 2024.

Alternate format
No. 1 and No. 2 CWAD, Third quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year (PDF, 450 KB)

Wheat, No. 1 and 2 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), third quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Wheat
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Test weight, kg/hL	81.5	81.3
Weight per 1000 kernels, g	37.6	38.8
Vitreous kernels, %	89	82
Protein content, %	14.8	14.7
Ash content, %	1.52	1.52
Falling Number, seconds	411	370
Durum particle size index, %	39.7	41.1

Milling - Allis-Chalmers mill
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Total milling yield, %	73.5	73.5
Semolina yield, %	65.3	65.5

Semolina^{Footnote 2}
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Protein content, %	13.9	13.9
Protein loss, %	0.9	0.8
Wet gluten content, %	34.9	34.9
Gluten index, %	71	70
Ash content, %	0.76	0.77
Yellow pigment content, ppm	10.4	10.3
Yellowness, b*	32.4	32.0

Granulation
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
> 425 μm, %	8.7	9.6
> 250 μm, %	58.4	57.7
> 180 μm, %	19.5	19.7
> 150 μm, %	6.1	5.9
< 150 μm, %	7.3	7.1

Semolina speck count per 50 cm²
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Total specks	17	18
Dark specks	2	4
Large specks (≥ 0.06 mm²)	8	9

Alveogram^{Footnote 3}
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
P (maximum over pressure), mm H₂O	89	87
L (length), mm	90	92
P/L	0.99	0.95
W (deformation energy), 10^-4 joules	238	231
le (elasticity Index), %	48.7	47.6

Spaghetti colour dried at 85°C
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Brightness, L*	70.5	70.3
Redness, a*	6.7	6.8
Yellowness, b*	63.7	63.4

Spaghetti texture dried at 85°C
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Peak cutting force, g	661	682
Dry strand diameter, mm	1.72	1.72
Cooked strand diameter, mm	2.50	2.51

Quarter 2: November 1, 2023 to January 31, 2024

Second quarter cargo aggregates were made from loading samples of export shipments in the months of November and December of 2023 and January of 2024.

Alternate format
No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 CWAD, Second quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year (PDF, 452 KB)

Wheat, No. 1, 2 and 3 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), second quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Wheat
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Test weight, kg/hL	81.4	81.5	81.8
Weight per 1000 kernels, g	38.5	36.0	35.1
Vitreous kernels, %	87	85	77
Protein content, %	15.1	15.2	14.6
Ash content, %	1.46	1.53	1.52
Falling Number, seconds	411	378	382
Durum particle size index, %	35.8	37.1	39.3

Milling - Allis-Chalmers mill
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Total milling yield, %	73.4	72.7	73.1
Semolina yield, %	65.7	65.1	65.1

Semolina^{Footnote 2}
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Protein content, %	14.0	14.0	13.8
Protein loss, %	1.1	1.2	0.8
Wet gluten content, %	34.0	34.3	33.1
Gluten index, %	76	75	74
Ash content, %	0.75	0.73	0.73
Yellow pigment content, ppm	10.5	10.3	10.3
Yellowness, b*	32.2	31.8	31.6

Granulation
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
> 425 μm, %	9.5	9.3	8.7
> 250 μm, %	59.6	58.6	58.9
> 180 μm, %	18.4	18.6	18.9
> 150 μm, %	5.5	5.5	5.6
< 150 μm, %	7.0	8.0	7.8

Semolina speck count per 50 cm²
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Total specks	15	18	14
Dark specks	2	2	3
Large specks (≥ 0.06 mm²)	7	8	7

Alveogram^{Footnote 3}
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
P (maximum over pressure), mm H₂O	96	97	92
L (length), mm	90	94	95
P/L	1.07	1.03	0.97
W (deformation energy), 10^-4 joules	255	262	252
le (elasticity Index), %	48.5	48.2	48.6

Spaghetti colour dried at 85°C
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Brightness, L*	70.0	70.2	70.1
Redness, a*	7.1	6.9	6.9
Yellowness, b*	63.1	63.4	63.0

Spaghetti texture dried at 85°C
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD	No. 3 CWAD
Peak cutting force, g	618	631	575
Dry strand diameter, mm	1.72	1.71	1.71
Cooked strand diameter, mm	2.53	2.51	2.51

Quarter 1: August 1, 2023 to October 31, 2023

First quarter cargo aggregates were made from loading samples of export shipments in the months of August, September, October of 2023.

Alternate format
No. 1 and No. 2 CWAD, First quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year (PDF, 450 KB)

Wheat, No. 1 and 2 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), first quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Wheat
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Test weight, kg/hL	82.0	81.9
Weight per 1000 kernels, g	37.7	35.3
Vitreous kernels, %	88	85
Protein content, %	14.7	14.4
Ash content, %	1.57	1.56
Falling Number, seconds	477	456
Durum particle size index, %	37	37.7

Milling - Allis-Chalmers mill
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Total milling yield, %	73.5	73.5
Semolina yield, %	65.8	65.6

Semolina^{Footnote 2}
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Protein content, %	13.9	13.6
Protein loss, %	0.8	0.8
Wet gluten content, %	32.8	31.9
Gluten index, %	79	77
Ash content, %	0.77	0.75
Yellow pigment content, ppm	10.3	10.1
Yellowness, b*	32.0	31.8

Granulation
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
> 425 μm, %	9.4	10.0
> 250 μm, %	59.3	58.3
> 180 μm, %	18.5	18.3
> 150 μm, %	5.5	5.6
< 150 μm, %	7.2	7.8

Semolina speck count per 50 cm²
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Total specks	14	13
Dark specks	1	2
Large specks (≥ 0.06 mm²)	7	6

Alveogram^{Footnote 3}
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
P (maximum over pressure), mm H₂O	98	96
L (length), mm	90	92
P/L	1.09	1.04
W (deformation energy), 10^-4 joules	267	266
le (elasticity Index), %	49.5	49.4

Spaghetti colour dried at 85°C
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Brightness, L*	70.5	70.6
Redness, a*	6.8	6.7
Yellowness, b*	62.6	62.9

Spaghetti texture dried at 85°C
Quality parameter	No. 1 CWAD	No. 2 CWAD
Peak cutting force, g	628	600
Dry strand diameter, mm	1.71	1.72
Cooked strand diameter, mm	2.50	2.51

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2024-10-23

Quality of Canada Western Amber Durum wheat exports in the 2023-2024 crop year

Quarterly reports

2023-2024 Quarterly Cargo Summary

Quarter 4: May 1, 2024 to July 31, 2024

Wheat, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), fourth quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Quarter 3: February 1, 2024 to April 30, 2024

Wheat, No. 1 and 2 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), third quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Quarter 2: November 1, 2023 to January 31, 2024

Wheat, No. 1, 2 and 3 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), second quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Quarter 1: August 1, 2023 to October 31, 2023

Wheat, No. 1 and 2 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), first quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

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Quality of Canada Western Amber Durum wheat exports in the 2023-2024 crop year

Quarterly reports

2023-2024 Quarterly Cargo Summary

Quarter 4: May 1, 2024 to July 31, 2024

Wheat, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), fourth quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop yearFootnote 1

Quarter 3: February 1, 2024 to April 30, 2024

Wheat, No. 1 and 2 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), third quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop yearFootnote 1

Quarter 2: November 1, 2023 to January 31, 2024

Wheat, No. 1, 2 and 3 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), second quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop yearFootnote 1

Quarter 1: August 1, 2023 to October 31, 2023

Wheat, No. 1 and 2 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), first quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop yearFootnote 1

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Wheat, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), fourth quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Wheat, No. 1 and 2 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), third quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Wheat, No. 1, 2 and 3 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), second quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}

Wheat, No. 1 and 2 Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), first quarter export cargo aggregates by grade 2023-24 crop year^{Footnote 1}