Quality of western Canadian oats in 2024

This report presents harvest quality data and production statistics for western Canadian oats grown in 2024. Oat samples were submitted to the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program by producers. Quality data is compiled from the results of analytical tests performed in the Grain Research Laboratory.

ISSN 2818-0747

Quality of western Canadian oats in 2024 (PDF, 4.4 MB)

Annual harvest survey of oats

The annual oats survey is based on oat samples submitted to the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program. In 2024, we received 253 samples from various growing districts in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia (Figure 1). The majority of samples in 2024 were graded No. 3 Canada Western (CW) based on their test weight (Figure 2). The protein content of oats in 2024 was below the 5-year average for each grade (Figure 3). A comparison of the average protein content (%, dry basis) of oats grown in each province in 2024 is given in Figure 4.

Figure 1 description to follow — **Figure 1** Origin and number of oat samples collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program in 2024.

Figure 2 description to follow — **Figure 2** Comparison of test weight (kg/hL) ranges of oat samples collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program from 2019 to 2024. The number of samples for each year is in parentheses.

Test weight (kg/hL)
Year	Number of samples	Weighted average
2019	240	55.2
2020	324	54.2
2021	224	51.8
2022	279	54.1
2023	182	54.1
2024	212	52.3

description follows — **Figure 3** Average protein content^{Footnote 1} (%, db) in oats of different grades collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program for each year from 2019 to 2024.

Protein content (%, db)
Year	No. 1 CW	No. 2 CW	No. 3 CW
2019	11.3	11.8	11.5
2020	11.2	11.8	11.9
2021	12.7	13.3	13.2
2022	11.7	11.9	11.9
2023	11.9	12.2	12.0
2024	11.7	11.9	12.1
5-year average	11.8	12.2	12.1

Figure 4 description to follow — **Figure 4** Comparison of average protein content^{Footnote 1} (%, db) in oats grown in different provinces in 2024. The number of samples for each grade is in parentheses.

Alberta
Grade	No. of samples	Protein content (%, db)	SD
No. 1 CW	10	12.1	0.7
No. 2 CW	14	12.5	1.2
No. 3 CW	14	12.6	1.3

Saskatchewan
Grade	No. of samples	Protein content (%, db)	SD
No. 1 CW	3	10.2	1.6
No. 2 CW	32	11.6	1.1
No. 3 CW	40	12.1	1.1

Manitoba
Grade	No. of samples	Protein content (%, db)	SD
No. 1 CW	0	-	-
No. 2 CW	17	12.0	0.6
No. 3 CW	25	11.9	0.6

Table 1 Protein content (%, db) and test weight (kg/hL) for oat varieties collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program in 2024

Oats, No. 1 Canada Western
Variety	Number of samples	Protein content ^{Footnote 1}, % db		Test weight, kg/hL
Variety	Number of samples	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
AAC Douglas	0	-	-	-	-
AC Morgan	9	12.0	0.7	57.2	2.4
AC Mustang	1	13.0	-	56.3	-
CDC Anson	0	-	-	-	-
CDC Arborg	2	10.0	2.3	56.0	0.1
CS Camden	0	-	-	-	-
CDC Endure	0	-	-	-	-
CDC Ruffian	0	-	-	-	-
CDC SO-I	0	-	-	-	-
Leggett	0	-	-	-	-
ORe3542M	1	10.8	-	56.5	-
Pinnacle	0	-	-	-	-
Summit	0	-	-	-	-

Oats, No. 2 Canada Western
Variety	Number of samples	Protein content ^{Footnote 1}, % db		Test weight, kg/hL
Variety	Number of samples	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
AAC Douglas	3	12.0	0.1	53.8	0.5
AC Morgan	8	12.0	0.9	53.9	0.7
AC Mustang	1	11.9	-	55.2	-
CDC Anson	1	12.3	-	53.0	-
CDC Arborg	6	12.4	1.5	53.8	0.9
CS Camden	10	12.5	0.9	54.0	0.7
CDC Endure	6	10.7	0.7	54.1	1.0
CDC Ruffian	4	11.7	0.8	54.3	1.3
CDC SO-I	0	-	-	-	-
Leggett	3	11.9	0.9	55.2	0.7
ORe3542M	2	11.9	0.1	54.1	1.5
Pinnacle	2	12.0	0.6	53.3	0.1
Summit	9	11.6	0.4	53.6	0.7

Oats, No. 3 Canada Western
Variety	Number of samples	Protein content ^{Footnote 1}, % db		Test weight, kg/hL
Variety	Number of samples	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
AAC Douglas	3	12.3	0.3	51.5	0.5
AC Morgan	7	12.2	1.3	53.2	3.0
AC Mustang	1	11.4	-	55.9	-
CDC Anson	2	11.8	0.0	51.6	0.6
CDC Arborg	19	12.3	0.9	52.2	1.8
CS Camden	13	12.0	0.7	51.7	0.5
CDC Endure	10	11.7	1.4	52.3	1.9
CDC Ruffian	0	-	-	-	-
CDC SO-I	0	-	-	-	-
Leggett	1	11.9	-	56.3	-
ORe3542M	0	-	-	-	-
Pinnacle	1	12.1	-	51.6	-
Summit	9	12.1	0.9	52.2	1.6

Oats, No. 4 Canada Western
Variety	Number of samples	Protein content ^{Footnote 1}, % db		Test weight, kg/hL
Variety	Number of samples	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
AAC Douglas	3	12.0	0.5	49.7	0.4
AC Morgan	3	12.3	0.3	51.6	3.8
AC Mustang	0	-	-	-	-
CDC Anson	0	-	-	-	-
CDC Arborg	16	12.5	1.0	48.8	0.9
CS Camden	5	13.1	0.9	49.3	0.9
CDC Endure	10	12.5	0.3	49.3	0.7
CDC Ruffian	0	-	-	-	-
CDC SO-I	3	12.0	1.2	49.7	0.2
Leggett	0	-	-	-	-
ORe3542M	1	12.6	-	48.6	-
Pinnacle	1	11.5	-	49.4	-
Summit	4	11.7	0.6	49.4	0.6

Table 2 Percentage of samples containing different levels (ppm) of deoxynivalenol (DON) for all grades of oat samples collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program in 2024
Deoxynivalenol (DON) level (ppm)	Western Canada (n = 250)	British Columbia (n = 1)	Alberta (n = 57)	Saskatchewan (n = 119)	Manitoba (n = 73)
Below Limit (< 0.3 ppm)	77.6	0	87.7	77.3	71.2
0.3 to 0.5	15.6	100.0	8.8	17.6	16.4
0.6 to 1.0	5.6	0	1.8	5.0	9.6
1.1 to 2.0	0.8	0	1.8	0	1.4
2.1 to 5.0	0.4	0	0	0	1.4
5.1 to 6.0	0	0	0	0	0
Above limit (> 6.0 ppm)	0	0	0	0	0

Composition of groats from selected oat varieties

A comparison of groat quality for varieties grown in the Prairies in 2023 and 2024 is given for proteins (Figure 5), beta-glucans (Figure 6), lipids (Figure 7), and ash (Figure 8). All oat samples selected for analyses were graded No. 2 CW or No. 3 CW based on their test weight; no other degrading factors were identified. The samples were sorted for size using a 5.5/64” x ¾” slotted screen and only plump kernels remaining on the screen were dehulled to produce groats (Codema LLCTM Laboratory Oat Huller). Figures 5 to 8 show the number of samples for each variety in parentheses.

description to follow — **Figure 5** Comparison of the protein content (%, db) in groats of selected oat varieties grown in the Prairies in 2023 and 2024^{Footnote 2}.

Groat protein content (%, db)
(number of samples in parentheses)
Variety	2023	2024
CDC Ruffian	15.8 (1)	13.4 (2)
CDC Endure	14.9 (5)	13.5 (10)
ORe3542M	16.3 (3)	14.6 (3)
Summit	15.5 (7)	14.8 (10)
CDC Anson	- (0)	15.0 (3)
AAC Douglas	16.4 (4)	15.3 (5)
CS Camden	17.2 (6)	15.8 (11)
AC Morgan	14.6 (7)	16.0 (11)
CDC Arborg	15.6 (9)	16.2 (12)

Groat beta-glucan content (%, db)
(number of samples in parentheses)
Variety	2023	2024
CDC Ruffian	4.48 (1)	4.00 (2)
AC Morgan	4.07 (7)	4.22 (11)
ORe3542M	4.70 (3)	4.54 (3)
Summit	4.56 (7)	4.99 (10)
CS Camden	4.63 (6)	5.25 (11)
CDC Arborg	4.94 (9)	5.27 (12)
CDC Endure	5.22 (5)	5.43 (10)
AAC Douglas	5.22 (4)	5.51 (5)
CDC Anson	- (0)	6.57 (3)

Figure 7 description to follow — **Figure 7** Comparison of the lipid content (%, db) in groats of selected oat varieties grown in the Prairies in 2023 and 2024^{Footnote 2}.

Groat lipid content (%, db)
(number of samples in parentheses)
Variety	2023	2024
CDC Arborg	5.79 (9)	5.56 (12)
AC Morgan	5.91 (7)	6.15 (11)
AAC Douglas	6.64 (4)	6.23 (5)
ORe3542M	5.90 (3)	6.44 (3)
Summit	7.04 (7)	6.61 (10)
CDC Endure	6.67 (5)	6.70 (10)
CDC Ruffian	- (0)	6.77 (2)
CDC Anson	- (0)	6.91 (3)
CS Camden	6.87 (6)	6.99 (11)

Figure 8 description to follow — **Figure 8** Ash content (%, db) of groats obtained after dehulling selected varieties of oats grown in the Prairies in 2023 and 2024^{Footnote 2}.

Groat ash content (%, db)
(number of samples in parentheses)
Variety	2023	2024
ORe3542M	1.69 (3)	1.67 (3)
CDC Ruffian	- (0)	1.74 (2)
CDC Endure	1.73 (5)	1.81 (10)
AC Morgan	1.88 (7)	1.81 (11)
CDC Anson	- (0)	1.82 (3)
CS Camden	1.74 (6)	1.88 (11)
CDC Arborg	1.62 (9)	1.89 (12)
AAC Douglas	1.89 (4)	2.04 (5)
Summit	1.82 (7)	2.04 (10)

Production statistics

Table 3 Area (million hectares) seeded with oats in Canada^{Footnote a}
Location	2024	2023	5-year average^{Footnote b}
Manitoba	0.212	0.192	0.254
Saskatchewan	0.511	0.418	0.670
Alberta	0.319	0.283	0.349
British Columbia	0.032	0.033	0.031
Western Canada	1.074	0.926	1.304
Canada	1.174	1.026	1.426
Table 3 Notes Table 3 Note 1 Source: Statistics Canada, estimated as of December 5, 2024 Return to table 3 note a Table 3 Note 2 5-year average from 2019 to 2023 Return to table 3 note b

Figure 9 description to follow — **Figure 9** Comparison of area (million hectares) seeded with oats in western Canada from 2015 to 2024.

Area seeded with oats (million hectares)
Year	Manitoba	Saskatchewan	Alberta	Western Canada	Canada
2015	0.198	0.668	0.293	1.190	1.360
2016	0.180	0.559	0.333	1.098	1.232
2017	0.210	0.672	0.279	1.190	1.295
2018	0.196	0.569	0.322	1.117	1.235
2019	0.213	0.727	0.364	1.331	1.455
2020	0.281	0.751	0.357	1.418	1.554
2021	0.301	0.691	0.358	1.382	1.502
2022	0.282	0.764	0.382	1.463	1.593
2023	0.192	0.418	0.283	0.926	1.026
2024	0.212	0.511	0.319	1.074	1.174

Table 4 Oat production (million tonnes) in Canada^{Footnote a}
Location	2024	2023	5-year average^{Footnote b}
Manitoba	0.934	0.653	0.900
Saskatchewan	1.470	1.034	1.853
Alberta	0.631	0.642	0.776
British Columbia	0.061	0.067	0.066
Western Canada	3.096	2.396	3.595
Canada	3.358	2.643	3.914
Table 4 Notes Table 4 Note 1 Source: Statistics Canada, estimated as of December 5, 2024 Return to table 4 note a Table 4 Note 2 5-year average from 2019 to 2023 Return to table 4 note b

Figure 10 description to follow — **Figure 10** Comparison of oat production (million tonnes) in western Canada from 2015 to 2024.

Production of oats (million tonnes)
Year	Manitoba	Saskatchewan	Alberta	Western Canada	Canada
2015	0.595	1.928	0.393	2.974	3.425
2016	0.569	1.653	0.625	2.903	3.231
2017	0.821	1.989	0.609	3.469	3.733
2018	0.709	1.689	0.700	3.171	3.436
2019	0.794	2.215	0.835	3.901	4.227
2020	1.117	2.296	0.802	4.273	4.576
2021	0.767	1.153	0.547	2.549	2.899
2022	1.169	2.567	1.055	4.857	5.226
2023	0.653	1.034	0.642	2.396	2.643
2024	0.934	1.470	0.631	3.096	3.358

Figure 11 description to follow — **Figure 11** Distribution of oat classes as percentage (%) of area seeded with oats in western Canada from 2019 to 2024^{Footnote 3}.

% of area seeded with oats
Year	Milling	Feed and Forage	Hulless	Not specified
2019	84.3	7.7	0.1	8.0
2020	84.4	7.3	0.1	8.1
2021	86.4	7.6	0.0	6.0
2022	86.3	6.9	0.0	6.8
2023	81.6	10.6	0.0	7.8
2024	82.5	9.6	0.0	7.9

Figure 12a description to follow — **Figure 12** Distribution of oat classes in each province as percentage (%) of area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2023 and 2024^{Footnote 3}.

Figure 12b description to follow — **Figure 12** Distribution of oat classes in each province as percentage (%) of area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2023 and 2024^{Footnote 3}.

% of area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2023
Location	Milling	Feed and Forage	Not specified
Alberta	18.3	5.7	0.1
Saskatchewan	35.3	3.7	6.2
Manitoba	28.0	1.2	1.5

% of area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2024
Location	Milling	Feed and Forage	Not specified
Alberta	17.7	4.0	0.0
Saskatchewan	38.1	3.7	7.1
Manitoba	24.4	0.8	0.5

Figure 13 description to follow — **Figure 13** Comparison of area seeded with oat varieties in western Canada from 2019 to 2024. Variety names, class and registration dates include: CS Camden (milling, 2014), AC Morgan (milling, 2000), CDC Arborg (milling, 2017), Summit (milling, 2008), CDC Endure (milling, 2019), AAC Douglas (milling, 2019), CDC Haymaker (forage, 2015), AC Mustang (feed, 1994), Triactor (milling, 2007)^{Footnote 3}.

% of area seeded with oat varieties in western Canada
Year	CS Camden	AC Morgan	CDC Arborg	Summit	CDC Endure	AAC Douglas	CDC Haymaker	AC Mustang	Triactor
2019	32.50	19.56	0.10	17.62	0.00	0.01	1.49	1.67	3.45
2020	33.16	18.12	3.69	16.65	0.00	0.01	2.00	1.27	3.24
2021	31.01	18.04	9.82	15.42	1.02	0.07	2.01	1.83	1.89
2022	28.23	19.93	12.83	13.23	4.56	0.58	1.76	1.62	1.56
2023	21.34	18.25	13.60	13.12	7.00	2.86	3.12	1.75	2.08
2024	18.86	18.60	17.40	12.12	8.39	4.83	3.29	2.46	1.91

Figure 14 description to follow — **Figure 14** Area seeded with the top eight milling oat varieties in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba as percentage (%) of area seeded with milling oats in western Canada in 2024^{Footnote 3}.

% of area seeded with milling oats in Alberta
Variety	Area seeded
CS Camden	2.5
AC Morgan	12.26
CDC Arborg	2.58
Summit	0.02
CDC Endure	0.41
AAC Douglas	0.17
CDC Haymaker	0.94
AC Mustang	1.06

% of area seeded with milling oats in Saskatchewan
Variety	Area seeded
CS Camden	11.22
AC Morgan	4.63
CDC Arborg	12.25
Summit	2.56
CDC Endure	4.19
AAC Douglas	0.31
CDC Haymaker	1.98
AC Mustang	0.15

% of area seeded with milling oats in Manitoba
Variety	Area seeded
CS Camden	5.07
AC Morgan	0.13
CDC Arborg	1.93
Summit	9.54
CDC Endure	3.74
AAC Douglas	4.31
CDC Haymaker	0.34
AC Mustang	0.00

Table 5 Distribution of milling, feed and forage oat varieties as a percentage (%) of the total area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2024^{Footnote 3}

Milling oats
Variety	Alberta	Saskatchewan	Manitoba	Western Canada
CS Camden	2.50	11.22	5.07	18.86
AC Morgan	12.26	4.63	0.13	18.60
CDC Arborg	2.58	12.25	1.93	17.40
Summit	0.02	2.56	9.54	12.12
CDC Endure	0.41	4.19	3.74	8.39
AAC Douglas	0.17	0.31	4.31	4.83
Triactor	0.00	1.91	0.00	1.91
CDC Ruffian	0.00	1.19	0.00	1.20
ORe3542M	0.48	0.16	0.42	1.10
Derby	0.63	0.23	0.00	0.86
CDC Dancer	0.00	0.81	0.00	0.81
Souris	0.00	0.24	0.54	0.78
Pinnacle	0.00	0.26	0.31	0.56
CDC Morrison	0.00	0.26	0.10	0.36
ORe3541M	0.07	0.12	0.17	0.36
CDC Minstrel	0.04	0.29	0.00	0.33
Leggett	0.00	0.21	0.12	0.33
CDC Orrin	0.00	0.29	0.00	0.29
Other	0.09	0.27	0.11	0.51
Total milling	19.26	41.40	26.48	89.59

Feed and forage oats
Variety	Alberta	Saskatchewan	Manitoba	Western Canada
CDC Haymaker	0.94	1.98	0.34	3.29
AC Mustang	1.06	0.15	0.00	2.46
CDC SO-I	0.67	0.91	0.33	1.90
CDC Nasser	0.69	0.31	0.00	1.00
CDC Baler	0.34	0.43	0.10	0.87
Other	0.67	0.16	0.04	0.89
Total feed and forage	4.39	3.93	0.82	10.41

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2025-03-27

Quality of western Canadian oats in 2024

Annual harvest survey of oats

Table 1 Protein content (%, db) and test weight (kg/hL) for oat varieties collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program in 2024

Composition of groats from selected oat varieties

Production statistics

Table 3 Notes

Table 4 Notes

Table 5 Distribution of milling, feed and forage oat varieties as a percentage (%) of the total area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2024^{Footnote 3}

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Quality of western Canadian oats in 2024

Annual harvest survey of oats

Table 1 Protein content (%, db) and test weight (kg/hL) for oat varieties collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program in 2024

Composition of groats from selected oat varieties

Production statistics

Table 3 Notes

Table 4 Notes

Table 5 Distribution of milling, feed and forage oat varieties as a percentage (%) of the total area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2024Footnote 3

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Table 5 Distribution of milling, feed and forage oat varieties as a percentage (%) of the total area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2024^{Footnote 3}