Enhanced Fujita scale damage indicators and degrees of damage, chapter 9
Small Professional Buildings: Single Storey, less than 500 m2 (SPB)
Typical Construction:
- Flat, gable, hip, mansard or mono-slope roofs with or without parapet walls
- Asphalt shingles, tile, slate, metal panels, single-ply or built-up roof covering
- Light-frame steel construction, steel joists and formed metal decking
- Load-bearing masonry construction with steel or wood roof structure
- Timber post and beam construction
- Wood or metal stud walls, non-bearing masonry walls
- Metal or vinyl panels, stucco or EIFS cladding
- Skylights and/or clearstories
Notes:
- With hip roof, increase toward upper-bound wind speed for Degree of Damage 5 (DODx) and DOD7
| DOD | Damage Description | EXP* | LB* | UB* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Threshold of visible damage | 105 | 85 | 130 |
| 2 | Loss of roof covering (up to 20%) | 125 | 105 | 160 |
| 3 | Broken windows, including clear story windows or skylights | 145 | 120 | 170 |
| 4 | Exterior doors fail | 160 | 130 | 190 |
| 5 | Uplift of roof decking; significant loss of roof covering (more than 20%); loss of rooftop HVAC equipment | 160 | 135 | 190 |
| 6 | Collapsed façade or parapet walls | 165 | 135 | 200 |
| 7 | Uplift or collapse of entire roof structure | 200 | 170 | 235 |
| 8 | Collapse of exterior walls; closely spaced interior walls remain standing | 230 | 200 | 265 |
| 9 | Total destruction of entire building | 255 | 240 | 320 |
*All wind speeds in km/h