Enhanced Fujita scale damage indicators and degrees of damage, chapter 21
Metal Building Systems (MBS)
Typical Construction:
- Examples are warehouses, industrial facilities, small arenas
- Metal panel walls and standing seam roof
- Nearly always have a gable roof and relatively tall walls
- Large overhead doors
- Large-span single bay rigid frames
- 'Z'- or 'C'-shaped purlins and girts span between rigid frames
- Lateral loads resisted by cross-bracing
| DOD | Damage Description | EXP* | LB* | UB* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Threshold of visible damage | 110 | 85 | 135 |
| 2 | Inward or outward collapse of overhead doors | 145 | 120 | 175 |
| 3 | Metal roof or wall panels pulled from the building | 155 | 125 | 195 |
| 4 | Column anchorage failed | 190 | 155 | 215 |
| 5 | Buckling of roof purlins | 190 | 155 | 220 |
| 6 | Failure of cross-braces in the lateral load resisting system | 220 | 190 | 255 |
| 7 | Progressive collapse of rigid frames | 230 | 195 | 270 |
| 8 | Total destruction of building | 250 | 210 | 285 |
*All wind speeds in km/h