Environmental Code of Practice for integrated steel mills: figures

List of Figures

• Figure S.1  Coke and Iron Production Simplified Flowsheet
• Figure S.2  Integrated Plant Steelmaking Simplified Flowsheet
• Figure 1.1  Steel Plant Location by Province (1997)
• Figure 1.2  Simplified Steel Manufacturing Flowsheet
• Figure 2.1  Cokemaking and Blast Furnace Ironmaking and Related Environmental Releases
• Figure 2.2  Steelmaking and Hot Forming and Related Environmental Releases
• Figure 2.3  Cold Forming and Finishing and Related Environmental Releases

Figure S.1

This figure describes the flow of materials for the production of sinter, coke and iron. It also shows the release of air emissions, wastewater and solid wastes from each step of the process. Sintering Process: Iron ore, pellet fines, iron-bearing dust etc., are fed into the sintering machine to produce sinter. Air emissions and solid wastes also result in this process. Cokemaking: Coke required for the production of iron is produced from metallurgical coal in "coke ovens." Principal emissions are to air and water, with lesser amounts of solid wastes. Ironmaking: Iron is produced in blast furnaces. The coke and iron ore pellets produced from the previous steps and flux are fed into the blast furnace and the pyrometallurgical process yields molten iron. Emissions to air, water and solid wastes also result in this process.

Figure S.2

This figure describes the major steps for producing steel from iron. The iron produced in the blast furnace is converted to steel using the basic oxygen furnace. It is further treated in "ladles" and the molten steel is cast into the desired shape. Each step in the process results in air emissions, solid wastes and wastewater.

Figure 1.2

This figure provides a simplified graphic representation of major steps to produce steel. Sinter and iron ore pellets, flux and coke are processed in the blast furnace to produce iron, which is converted to steel in the basic oxygen furnace. Steel may also be produced using an electric arc furnace. The steel thus obtained is further treated to impart desired properties and then cast, hot rolled or cold rolled to various shapes. Additional treatments such as anodizing, galvanizing etc., are performed depending on the requirements. This is described more detail in Section 2 (Operational Activities).

Figure 2.1

This figure depicts in greater detail the inputs, outputs and pollutant releases (air, water and solid wastes) at each step in the process. This is also elaborated in Sections 2 (Operational Activities) and 3 (Environmental Concerns).

Figure 2.2

This figure depicts in greater detail the inputs, outputs and pollutant releases (air, water and solid wastes) at each step in the process. This is also elaborated in Sections 2 (Operational Activities) and 3 (Environmental Concerns).

Figure 2.3

This figure depicts in greater detail the inputs, outputs and pollutant releases (air, water and solid wastes) at each step in the process. This is also elaborated in Sections 2 (Operational Activities) and 3 (Environmental Concerns).