Sulphur oxides: main emission sources

Estimated total SO₂ emissions in Canada in year 2010 were 1 370 kilotonnes (without open sources e.g. forest fires, prescribed burning). The primary emitting sources are:

• base metal smelters
• fossil-fueled electric power plants
• upstream oil and gas industry (e.g. natural gas plants, oil sands)
• other industrial sources (e.g. cement plants, petroleum refineries, pulp and paper mills)
• transportation sources (e.g. ships, off-road diesel vehicles)