"Regional land-based greenhouse gas emissions and removals from human activities, Canada, 1990 to 2023",,,,,, ,,,,,, Region,Year,Forest sector (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent),Agricultural land (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent),Wetlands (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent),Settlements (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent),Net exchange (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent) Mountain,1990,-29,1,0.21,1.6,-26 Mountain,1991,-18,0.86,0.2,1.9,-15 Mountain,1992,-13,0.94,0.18,1.4,-10 Mountain,1993,-11,0.68,0.17,1.3,-8.4 Mountain,1994,-12,0.7,0.12,1.4,-9.4 Mountain,1995,-10,0.73,0.11,1.3,-8.1 Mountain,1996,-9.6,0.59,0.11,1.2,-7.7 Mountain,1997,-10,0.62,0.1,1.2,-8.5 Mountain,1998,-13,0.62,0.09,1.2,-11 Mountain,1999,-7.5,0.52,0.09,1.4,-5.6 Mountain,2000,-4,0.58,0.08,1.2,-2.2 Mountain,2001,-7.4,0.54,0.08,1.1,-5.7 Mountain,2002,0.61,0.48,0.08,1,2.2 Mountain,2003,2.2,0.58,0.07,1.1,3.9 Mountain,2004,15,0.49,0.07,1.2,17 Mountain,2005,23,0.45,0.06,1,25 Mountain,2006,24,0.5,0.06,1,26 Mountain,2007,26,0.42,0.06,1.1,27 Mountain,2008,25,0.42,0.06,1,27 Mountain,2009,24,0.33,0.05,0.91,25 Mountain,2010,29,0.38,0.05,0.82,30 Mountain,2011,30,0.37,0.05,1.3,32 Mountain,2012,28,0.35,0.05,1.1,29 Mountain,2013,28,0.27,0.05,1.3,30 Mountain,2014,26,0.35,0.04,1,27 Mountain,2015,26,0.39,0.04,0.87,28 Mountain,2016,24,0.39,0.04,0.92,25 Mountain,2017,25,0.41,0.04,0.86,26 Mountain,2018,27,0.36,0.04,0.83,28 Mountain,2019,21,0.38,0.04,0.82,22 Mountain,2020,20,0.39,0.04,0.73,21 Mountain,2021,19,0.34,0.03,0.76,20 Mountain,2022,16,0.38,0.03,0.71,17 Mountain,2023,16,0.34,0.03,0.68,17 Boreal,1990,-21,8.7,4.5,4,-3.4 Boreal,1991,-22,7.5,4.3,4,-6.2 Boreal,1992,-14,7,4.2,4.1,1.2 Boreal,1993,-8.7,8.2,4.5,3.9,7.9 Boreal,1994,-1.6,4.1,2.3,4,8.8 Boreal,1995,10,2.7,2.3,3.9,19 Boreal,1996,2.4,3.8,2.2,4.1,12 Boreal,1997,6.6,4.2,2.1,4.1,17 Boreal,1998,2.3,3.3,2.4,4.3,12 Boreal,1999,8.8,2.2,2.6,4.5,18 Boreal,2000,16,1.8,2,4.7,25 Boreal,2001,5.9,2,1.9,4.5,14 Boreal,2002,13,4.9,1.9,5.1,24 Boreal,2003,9.6,7.8,2,5.2,25 Boreal,2004,18,-0.9,2,5.5,25 Boreal,2005,17,1.5,2,5.4,26 Boreal,2006,5.1,-0.37,2.1,5.8,13 Boreal,2007,-0.53,1.3,2.1,5.9,8.8 Boreal,2008,-4.4,0.55,2.2,6,4.4 Boreal,2009,-11,-0.59,2.1,5.4,-3.6 Boreal,2010,-1.8,1.4,2,5.4,6.9 Boreal,2011,-6.8,3.2,2,5.5,3.9 Boreal,2012,-8.1,-1.4,1.9,5.5,-2.1 Boreal,2013,-8.6,1.7,2.2,6.2,1.5 Boreal,2014,-8.9,-3.3,2.2,6.3,-3.7 Boreal,2015,-5.9,3.2,2,6.2,5.5 Boreal,2016,-11,1.5,2,5.9,-1.8 Boreal,2017,-12,1.1,1.9,5.8,-3.6 Boreal,2018,-13,-0.9,1.6,5.8,-6.1 Boreal,2019,-16,1.2,1.8,5.7,-7.2 Boreal,2020,-7.5,2.5,2,5.9,2.9 Boreal,2021,-11,4.1,1.9,5.8,0.39 Boreal,2022,-12,8.1,1.7,5.9,3.6 Boreal,2023,-10,0.36,1.7,5.7,-2.3 West coast,1990,19,0.24,0.04,-0.08,19 West coast,1991,20,0.22,0.04,-0.24,20 West coast,1992,22,0.23,0.04,-0.2,22 West coast,1993,23,0.15,0.04,-0.26,22 West coast,1994,22,0.2,0.04,-0.39,22 West coast,1995,22,0.14,0.04,-0.62,21 West coast,1996,20,0.18,0.04,-0.22,20 West coast,1997,19,0.19,0.03,-0.37,19 West coast,1998,17,0.19,0.03,-0.43,17 West coast,1999,19,0.12,0.03,-0.67,18 West coast,2000,19,0.16,0.03,-0.66,18 West coast,2001,16,0.2,0.03,-0.56,16 West coast,2002,17,0.18,0.03,-0.57,17 West coast,2003,14,0.14,0.03,-0.56,14 West coast,2004,18,0.22,0.03,-0.62,17 West coast,2005,16,0.19,0.03,-0.73,16 West coast,2006,14,0.2,0.02,-0.65,14 West coast,2007,13,0.15,0.02,-0.74,13 West coast,2008,12,0.17,0.02,-0.77,11 West coast,2009,10,0.23,0.02,-0.83,9.5 West coast,2010,12,0.15,0.02,-0.82,11 West coast,2011,12,0.22,0.02,-0.73,12 West coast,2012,12,0.19,0.02,-0.56,12 West coast,2013,12,0.16,0.02,-0.56,12 West coast,2014,12,0.2,0.02,-0.5,12 West coast,2015,12,0.29,0.01,-0.64,12 West coast,2016,12,0.33,0.01,-0.68,11 West coast,2017,11,0.35,0.01,-0.65,11 West coast,2018,12,0.42,0.01,-0.45,12 West coast,2019,9.5,0.24,0.01,-0.51,9.3 West coast,2020,9.3,0.25,0.01,-0.56,9 West coast,2021,8.6,0.28,0.01,-0.3,8.6 West coast,2022,8.1,0.37,0.01,-0.59,7.9 West coast,2023,7.5,0.34,0.01,-0.5,7.4 Prairies,1990,-0.46,-6.1,0,-0.14,-6.7 Prairies,1991,-0.52,-11,0,-0.15,-12 Prairies,1992,-0.47,-9.6,0,-0.15,-10 Prairies,1993,-0.37,-4.4,0,-0.15,-4.9 Prairies,1994,-0.2,-12,0,-0.15,-12 Prairies,1995,-0.11,-11,0,-0.15,-11 Prairies,1996,-0.07,-11,0,-0.16,-11 Prairies,1997,-0.08,-16,0,-0.16,-16 Prairies,1998,-0.23,-11,0,-0.16,-11 Prairies,1999,-0.17,-17,0,-0.16,-17 Prairies,2000,-0.07,-20,0,-0.16,-20 Prairies,2001,-0.18,-16,0,-0.16,-16 Prairies,2002,-0.1,-1.5,0,-0.17,-1.8 Prairies,2003,-0.19,-0.27,0,-0.16,-0.62 Prairies,2004,-0.05,-22,0,-0.16,-22 Prairies,2005,0.02,-24,0,-0.17,-24 Prairies,2006,0,-25,0,-0.17,-25 Prairies,2007,0.01,-21,0,-0.18,-21 Prairies,2008,0.03,-21,0,-0.18,-21 Prairies,2009,0.06,-35,0,-0.18,-35 Prairies,2010,0.08,-25,0,-0.18,-25 Prairies,2011,0.11,-18,0,-0.16,-18 Prairies,2012,0.09,-22,0,-0.14,-22 Prairies,2013,0.03,-26,0,-0.12,-26 Prairies,2014,0.02,-40,0,-0.06,-40 Prairies,2015,0.12,-16,0,-0.02,-16 Prairies,2016,0.08,-20,0,-0.03,-20 Prairies,2017,0.41,-25,0,-0.03,-25 Prairies,2018,0.45,-21,0,-0.01,-21 Prairies,2019,0.36,-20,0,-0.04,-19 Prairies,2020,0.47,-20,0,-0.01,-19 Prairies,2021,0.3,-24,0,0,-23 Prairies,2022,0.32,12,0,0.01,12 Prairies,2023,0.32,-25,0,-0.04,-25 Southeastern,1990,13,2,0.41,-0.52,15 Southeastern,1991,12,1.2,0.43,-0.51,13 Southeastern,1992,13,2.2,0.44,-0.56,15 Southeastern,1993,14,3.3,0.46,-0.64,17 Southeastern,1994,14,1.9,0.47,-0.64,16 Southeastern,1995,15,1.4,0.47,-0.66,16 Southeastern,1996,15,1.7,0.49,-0.63,17 Southeastern,1997,16,2.6,0.53,-0.68,18 Southeastern,1998,14,2.4,0.58,-0.53,16 Southeastern,1999,14,1.6,0.57,-0.46,16 Southeastern,2000,13,1.9,0.59,-0.47,15 Southeastern,2001,7.7,3.2,0.61,-0.48,11 Southeastern,2002,6.5,3.8,0.63,-0.57,10 Southeastern,2003,5.1,2.8,0.65,-0.56,8 Southeastern,2004,8.5,1.7,0.67,-0.53,10 Southeastern,2005,6.8,2.1,0.69,-0.64,8.9 Southeastern,2006,4.2,1.7,0.71,-0.62,6 Southeastern,2007,1.6,2,0.72,-0.67,3.7 Southeastern,2008,3.4,2.1,0.72,-0.65,5.6 Southeastern,2009,1.5,0.69,0.73,-0.65,2.2 Southeastern,2010,1.8,2.6,0.75,-0.69,4.4 Southeastern,2011,0.56,1.8,0.76,-0.7,2.5 Southeastern,2012,-1.9,2.1,0.76,-0.73,0.23 Southeastern,2013,0.03,1.8,0.76,-0.68,1.9 Southeastern,2014,0.15,0.66,0.77,-0.59,0.99 Southeastern,2015,1.2,4.2,0.78,-0.39,5.7 Southeastern,2016,-0.48,2.7,0.8,-0.43,2.5 Southeastern,2017,-1.3,2.8,0.81,-0.63,1.7 Southeastern,2018,-1.5,1.8,0.82,-0.64,0.47 Southeastern,2019,-3.6,2.6,0.84,-0.65,-0.76 Southeastern,2020,-3.1,3.5,0.85,-0.65,0.69 Southeastern,2021,-3.9,3,0.87,-0.67,-0.76 Southeastern,2022,-4.4,4.4,0.89,-0.69,0.14 Southeastern,2023,-4.8,2.5,0.89,-0.66,-2.1 ,,,,,, Note: Data are accurate to 2 significant figures in accordance with Part III Annex 8 of the National Inventory Report (https://www.publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.506002/publication.html). Net exchange is calculated by subtracting removals from emissions. Regions are based on the location of the human activities across the country. Forest sector regional estimates provided do not include the long-term impact of emissions from forest harvest or deforestation prior to 1990.,,,,,, Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada (2025) National Inventory Report 1990-2023: Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada (https://www.publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.506002/publication.html).,,,,,, Available on the Environmental indicators website (www.canada.ca/environmental-indicators).,,,,,,