"Land-based greenhouse gas emissions and removals from human activities by activity sector, Canada, 1990 to 2023",,,,, ,,,,, Year,Forest sector (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent),Agricultural land (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent),Wetlands (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent),Settlements (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent),Net exchange (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent) 1990,35,5.8,5.2,4.9,51 1991,37,-1.3,5,5,46 1992,47,0.78,4.9,4.6,57 1993,52,7.9,5.2,4.2,69 1994,54,-5.2,2.9,4.3,56 1995,65,-6.2,2.9,3.7,65 1996,54,-4.8,2.8,4.2,56 1997,54,-8.6,2.8,4.2,53 1998,42,-4.6,3.1,4.3,45 1999,54,-12,3.3,4.6,50 2000,63,-15,2.7,4.6,55 2001,40,-9.8,2.6,4.4,38 2002,54,7.8,2.6,4.8,69 2003,48,11,2.7,5.1,66 2004,76,-20,2.8,5.4,64 2005,79,-20,2.7,4.9,67 2006,63,-23,2.9,5.4,49 2007,55,-17,2.9,5.4,46 2008,51,-18,3,5.4,41 2009,39,-34,2.9,4.7,12 2010,54,-20,2.8,4.5,41 2011,49,-12,2.8,5.2,45 2012,43,-21,2.8,5.2,30 2013,45,-22,3.1,6.1,32 2014,41,-42,3.1,6.1,8.7 2015,46,-8.2,2.8,6.1,46 2016,36,-15,2.9,5.7,30 2017,34,-21,2.7,5.4,22 2018,36,-20,2.5,5.5,25 2019,22,-15,2.7,5.4,15 2020,30,-13,2.9,5.4,26 2021,23,-16,2.8,5.6,15 2022,18,25,2.6,5.3,51 2023,19,-22,2.6,5.2,4.6 ,,,,, "Note: Data are accurate to 2 significant figures in accordance with Part III Annex 8 of the National Inventory Report (https://www.publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.506002/publication.html). Net exchange is calculated by subtracting removals from emissions. Greenhouse gas exchange from the forest sector considers emissions and removals from managed forests and transfers to and from the harvested wood products pool. Harvested wood products originate from forest trees with contributions of bioenergy from urban trees and agricultural land. As such, the reported forest sector emissions may differ at times from some information presented in the National Inventory Report. For more information, see Chapter 6.4 of the National Inventory Report (https://www.publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.506002/publication.html).",,,,, Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada (2025) National Inventory Report 1990-2023: Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada (https://www.publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.506002/publication.html).,,,,, Available on the Environmental indicators website (www.canada.ca/environmental-indicators).,,,,,