"Distribution of species-level lambda values, species group, 1970 to 2023",,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,, Year,"Bird index, average lambda","Bird index, standard deviation","Bird index, number of species","Mammal index, average lambda","Mammal index, standard deviation","Mammal index, number of species","Fish index, average lambda","Fish index, standard deviation","Fish index, number of species","Reptile and amphibian index, average lambda","Reptile and amphibian, standard deviation","Reptile and amphibian, number of species" 1970,n/a,n/a,325,n/a,n/a,27,n/a,n/a,84,n/a,n/a,n/a 1971,0.00132,0.0202,325,-0.0416,0.12592,32,0.02557,0.08604,91,n/a,n/a,n/a 1972,0.00092,0.01813,326,-0.03537,0.12047,33,0.01699,0.07101,82,n/a,n/a,n/a 1973,0.00059,0.01894,328,-0.03094,0.11527,39,0.00757,0.06589,97,n/a,n/a,n/a 1974,0.00054,0.02195,329,-0.0476,0.12108,36,0.00544,0.05725,107,n/a,n/a,n/a 1975,0.00024,0.02437,329,-0.0295,0.11106,34,0.00279,0.05667,94,n/a,n/a,2 1976,-0.00089,0.02571,331,-0.0116,0.09298,32,-0.00152,0.05239,104,-0.07,0.10228,2 1977,-0.00192,0.02533,331,-0.00095,0.12731,39,-0.0035,0.05262,103,-0.07343,0.09742,2 1978,-0.00185,0.02232,333,0.0183,0.09441,28,-0.00443,0.05766,108,-0.00793,n/a,2 1979,-0.00037,0.02068,335,0.01275,0.0625,30,-0.00203,0.05268,113,0.00407,0.0077,1 1980,0.00097,0.02123,353,0.0138,0.06965,30,-0.00243,0.0466,117,0.00841,0.00156,1 1981,0.00078,0.02206,353,0.01159,0.06981,30,-0.00294,0.04996,119,0.00883,0.00096,1 1982,-0.00033,0.02019,353,-0.00863,0.09771,31,-0.00326,0.05857,122,0.00739,0.003,2 1983,-0.00106,0.02001,353,-0.00837,0.10189,27,-0.00212,0.05965,128,0.04125,0.05529,2 1984,-0.00094,0.01934,357,0.00291,0.07924,31,-0.00025,0.05529,159,-0.00244,0.04119,2 1985,-0.00064,0.01838,357,0.00039,0.0556,32,0.00109,0.04624,131,-0.01141,0.0355,7 1986,-0.00035,0.01842,357,-0.00005,0.04871,30,-0.00577,0.06118,145,0.01899,0.08626,7 1987,0.00045,0.01907,358,-0.00363,0.04606,40,-0.01052,0.061,162,-0.00013,0.05505,8 1988,0.00153,0.02092,358,0.01655,0.09093,39,-0.01217,0.0638,135,-0.00204,0.04674,7 1989,0.00157,0.01963,358,0.0171,0.07305,42,-0.01409,0.06454,159,-0.00725,0.03867,7 1990,0.00008,0.01917,359,0.01731,0.07186,48,-0.01262,0.0581,134,0.04207,0.15307,11 1991,-0.00151,0.02659,360,0.00146,0.10116,45,-0.00985,0.04937,157,0.02066,0.12402,13 1992,-0.00199,0.02762,360,-0.00547,0.10114,46,-0.00663,0.05129,148,0.01709,0.09038,14 1993,-0.00189,0.02438,360,-0.00107,0.06954,54,0.00577,0.08234,179,0.00488,0.10464,16 1994,-0.00251,0.02331,360,0.00733,0.07412,56,0.01528,0.0905,161,-0.01161,0.15581,18 1995,-0.00338,0.02499,361,0.0211,0.08641,58,0.00783,0.08202,152,-0.03949,0.09947,18 1996,-0.00305,0.02422,361,0.03294,0.09405,55,-0.00045,0.07532,155,-0.00457,0.03344,21 1997,-0.00217,0.02463,361,0.02127,0.08006,62,-0.00851,0.07687,132,0.00239,0.0432,23 1998,-0.00251,0.02383,361,0.00028,0.06852,60,-0.0124,0.09108,164,0.00184,0.14475,25 1999,-0.0044,0.02099,361,-0.00984,0.06814,63,-0.00821,0.06632,151,0.01453,0.13073,27 2000,-0.00575,0.02256,362,-0.01218,0.07456,62,-0.0046,0.05995,180,0.01643,0.06059,24 2001,-0.00538,0.02328,362,-0.01737,0.06952,66,0.006,0.09447,162,0.02068,0.0564,25 2002,-0.00332,0.02251,362,-0.01275,0.06184,62,0.0008,0.09199,183,0.02963,0.05817,24 2003,-0.00167,0.01907,362,0.00001,0.07101,58,-0.00415,0.0716,228,0.02478,0.05101,24 2004,-0.00057,0.01978,362,0.01419,0.06437,52,-0.00514,0.06063,254,0.01187,0.0405,25 2005,0.00032,0.02043,362,0.01737,0.04876,54,-0.00264,0.06527,280,-0.00198,0.04871,25 2006,0.00011,0.02205,362,0.01553,0.04894,55,-0.00314,0.06448,270,-0.01957,0.05652,27 2007,-0.00209,0.02277,362,0.008,0.04058,59,-0.0008,0.0518,299,0.00937,0.05161,20 2008,-0.00482,0.0246,362,-0.00528,0.04528,48,-0.00187,0.05465,277,0.00916,0.04346,17 2009,-0.00543,0.02316,362,-0.0167,0.06351,49,-0.002,0.05164,280,0.00659,0.04873,17 2010,-0.0036,0.01869,361,-0.02386,0.0681,54,-0.00197,0.05232,276,-0.00464,0.05302,16 2011,-0.0017,0.01976,360,-0.02961,0.0818,51,-0.00204,0.05273,287,-0.00149,0.03916,15 2012,-0.00123,0.01989,360,-0.02382,0.09805,44,-0.00411,0.05252,283,0.00858,0.02646,14 2013,-0.00134,0.02129,360,-0.00133,0.08116,46,-0.00127,0.05062,266,0.00851,0.02973,15 2014,-0.00077,0.01917,360,-0.01091,0.07953,45,0.0017,0.05732,259,-0.00677,0.05269,13 2015,-0.00029,0.01878,360,-0.00247,0.08057,33,0.00372,0.05623,268,-0.0096,0.0534,16 2016,-0.00122,0.01944,359,0.00044,0.0509,31,0.00486,0.05873,259,-0.01109,0.06434,17 2017,-0.00297,0.02072,359,0.00558,0.04795,32,-0.00046,0.05685,188,-0.02184,0.07627,17 2018,-0.00362,0.02485,356,-0.00345,0.05001,29,-0.00042,0.04573,198,-0.11276,0.18899,11 2019,-0.00288,0.03007,353,-0.01047,0.08701,21,0.0037,0.04467,179,0.01956,0.04446,4 2020,-0.00224,0.02293,322,-0.00179,0.08695,25,0.00563,0.06447,149,-0.00092,0.03921,3 2021,-0.00057,0.02456,322,0.03214,0.08386,25,0.00122,0.06765,169,-0.00837,0.04512,3 2022,-0.00079,0.02514,246,0.06707,0.12915,21,-0.00886,0.12237,123,0.00594,0.03409,3 2023,-0.00015,0.02902,241,0.06296,0.06469,6,-0.00916,0.0565,59,0.00887,0.04769,2 ,,,,,,,,,,,, Note: n/a = not applicable.,,,,,,,,,,,, Source: Zoological Society of London (2026).,,,,,,,,,,,, Available on the Environmental indicators website (www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/environmental-indicators.html).,,,,,,,,,,,,