LMIA Explained: A Complete Guide for Employers and Workers
A Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) is one of the most misunderstood parts of Canada's work permit system. Here's what it actually is, who needs one, and how the process works — for both employers and foreign workers.
What Is an LMIA?
An LMIA is a document a Canadian employer must generally obtain before hiring a foreign worker. It confirms there's a genuine need for the foreign worker and that no Canadian citizen or permanent resident is available to fill the role.
Who Needs One?
- Employers looking to hire a foreign worker for a specific position
- Foreign workers applying for most employer-specific work permits
- Some high-wage and low-wage stream positions under the Temporary Foreign Worker Program
What Employers Must Show
- Genuine efforts to recruit Canadians or permanent residents first
- A wage that meets or exceeds the median wage for the occupation and region
- Genuine, ongoing business operations
- A transition plan, for certain high-wage positions
The LMIA Process, Step by Step
- Employer determines the correct NOC code and wage level for the role
- Employer advertises the position and documents recruitment efforts
- Employer submits the LMIA application with supporting documents to ESDC
- If approved, the worker uses the positive LMIA to apply for their work permit
LMIA-Exempt Work Permits
Not every work permit requires an LMIA — categories like intra-company transfers, CUSMA/USMCA professionals, and certain PGWP or spousal open work permits are LMIA-exempt. A licensed advisor can confirm which category applies to your situation.
Why LMIA Matters for PR
A valid job offer supported by a positive LMIA can add meaningful points to your Express Entry CRS score, and in some cases strengthens a provincial nomination application.
How MIGOVA IMMIGRATION Helps
- Employer eligibility and compliance review
- Wage and NOC classification support
- LMIA application preparation and submission
- Guidance for workers on LMIA-exempt alternatives